Combate à desinformação nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa: uma proposta de análise de estratégias textuais de desinformação

Abstract

Middle School students are bombarded with information they receive via social media, platforms that have become the primary means by which young people obtain information, and some of this content is intentionally constructed to promote misinformation. Given this scenario, it is necessary to alert students, while still in Middle School, so they are aware of the misinformation strategies used in content shared on social media; this alert is in line with the National Common Core Curricular. To this end, this research promotes the fight against misinformation in Portuguese language classes by studying textual misinformation strategies used in texts analyzed by the fact-checking agency Aos Fatos. The overall objective is to develop a pedagogical proposal to enable 9th-grade students to critically analyze textual disinformation strategies. Its specific objectives are: to investigate how intertextualities are mobilized to misinform the interlocutor, following the concept of intertextualities proposed by Carvalho (2018) and Cavalcante et al. (2022); to discuss conceptions of disinformation, based on Wardle and Derakhshan (2017) and Rêgo and Paulino (2022); and to evaluate the performance of 9th-grade students in response to a pedagogical intervention to identify textual disinformation strategies. The textual disinformation strategies identified in this research are mimesis, imprecision, and adulteration. The methodology used was action research, a process of investigation-action, carried out as a pedagogical intervention in a 9th-grade class at a state public school. It involved discussions on disinformation and the right to communication, as well as reading activities on the types of intertextuality and textual strategies for disinformation proposed in this research. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that the students demonstrated a systematized perception of the strategies used in constructing disinformation texts.