Caracterização dos padrões de mobilidade dos usuários de transporte público por ônibus em Fortaleza através do big data de bilhetagem eletrônica

Abstract

The public transport system in Brazil has been losing demand in recent decades. Due to the important role of this system in promoting equity in access, it is essential, for transport planning, to know the mobility patterns of users and how these patterns vary spatially and temporally. In Fortaleza, even with the investment in transport policies that seek to improve the experiences of users, this drop is also perceived. However, it is not known which users are responsible for this fall, or what the characteristics of these users are, which regions they reside in or which social groups they represent. It is believed that the vast availability of data collected continuously by the Smart Card system of buses is an alternative way to characterize the mobility of users of the system. However, due to its large volume, there are complexities in transforming this data into useful information for transportation planning. This research uses clustering tools to identify and characterize user mobility patterns using Big Data generated by bus public transport system. Guided by the literature review, some hypotheses about mobility patterns are raised and about how these patterns are related to falling demand and mobility problems. Based on the hypotheses, exploratory, descriptive, and spatial analyzes of mobility indicators were carried out. These analyzes allowed the identification of mobility patterns for users of the system and helped to understand how these patterns have been changing spatially and temporally.