Diagnóstico das relações causa-efeito na mobilidade por gênero em grandes cidades brasileiras.

Abstract

Despite recurrent efforts to characterize the different patterns of mobility by gender in the North and Global South, the causal relationships that determine this phenomenon are still unclear. This article seeks to explain the part of these differences that stems from the sexual division of labor, through confirmatory quantitative analyses. Based on a conceptual representation of the problems built upon the literature, a causal diagram was constructed which translates the cause-effect hypotheses of interest and controls the possible sources of confounding. Data from the São Paulo OD survey were used in the estimation of structural equation models, which confirmed causal explanations based on three key elements: household assignments, professional insertion and accessibility. Evidences were found that the social impositions arising from the sexual division of labor impact on trip production and on time budget limitations, with heterogeneous causal processes being observed not only between genders, but also between income groups.