Estudo do princípio fundamental da dinâmica através da Máquina de Atwood usando a plataforma Arduino

Abstract

The study of Newton's Second Law of Dynamics associated with the Atwood Machine experiment creates an environment where student interaction with scientific data and theory exerts a significant influence on the appropriation of physical concepts presented in classrooms. The concepts of movement established centuries ago and taught in high schools are constant themes of debates and reflections in the field of Teaching, specifically when the subject is Science. Researchers defend the importance of the didactic laboratory in the construction of an environment conducive to learning by providing the possibility of interaction between student, physical phenomenon, experimental data (which are part of the scientific language), physical theories, mathematical development and so on. The electronic-digital technologies present in smartphones and computers, together with the tools of data transfer, constitute a reality that would fatally be inserted in the teaching process. Thus, using a mixture between the need to work concretely on physical concepts and the possibility of doing this through real experiments, analyzed with the aid of available and easily accessible technologies, an Atwood Machine was built in a basically handmade way for applications in classes on the Fundamental Principle of Dynamics using the Arduino platform, bluetooth communication module, mobile and applications. The idea is that this equipment can be a functional and efficient tool in achieving this goal. It maintains the simplicity of construction and operation, but the tests performed showed considerable precision in taking measurements of time. The equipment was submitted to several simulations of use and its results analyzed, leading to the improvement of its operation. The use of the Atwood Machine capable of generating scientific data allows an interactive participation of the student, allowing him to dialogue with the equipment and extract elements that take him/her to appropriate scientific language, fundamental to the understanding of physical theories.