Estruturas não topológicas no modelo do campo escalar

Abstract

This work aims to study non-topological solutions described by a real scalar field. At the beginning of a general basis for treating the general formalism to find the first order differential equations responsible for determining the function of the scalar fields, shows the differences between non-topological and topological structures and their peculiarities and then analyze the potential non-canonical structures of topological and charts illustrate the potential of the field energy density and more to enhance the analysis of these structures. After investigating the canonical potential, is initiated to study the modified potential, which are minor modifications of the canonical model in which will help to further diversify the solutions non-topological or lump type. Despite the changes being made with a limited number of parameters, the resolution of problems will not have the same simplicity of the canonical case, making a real challenge for the calculations; finally finish the job in the final considerations, which will be an overview on the investigation.