Distribuição espacial da Aids no município de Fortaleza e seus diferenciais sócio-econômicos

Abstract

We studied in this work the occurrence of a pattern of space distribution of cases of aids in the municipality of Fortaleza in the period 1991-2000, and its association with socioeconomic factors. The socioeconon-dc data of the demographic of 1991 census were used, supplied by FIBGE, m a magnetic media. The aids data were coming of the Sistema de Notificação de Agravos SINAN/MS in a magnetic media, obtained close to the Secretaria Municipal de Desenvolvimento Social of the municipality of Fortaleza (SMDS) and the Secretaria de Saúde Estadual of Ceará State (SESA). The cartographic base was digitalized starting fi-om the aerophotogrametry accomplished in the municipality of Fortaleza in 1995 in the scale of 1:8000 and restored in the scale of 1:2000, obtained from the Instituto de Planejamento do Município de Fortaleza in a magnetic media. In the exploratory analysis of data it was used mainly the graphic resources, available in the statistical package S-Plus. With relationship to the space exploratory analysis was used resources of the softwares ArcView™ for the pattern maps, maps of symbols, while the contour maps, we used the module SpatialStat ofS-Plus. Starting from the socioeconomic indicators of 1991, the group of zones of information of Fortaleza was submitted to a non hierarchical multivariate cluster analysis, using the algorithm available K-means in the software SPSS. This analysis allowed us to classify the zones ofmfonnation in four strata of similar characteristics. According to the characteristics of each group, the four agglomerates servants were denominated, being used the letters THE, B, C, D, in a descending scale. This method was important to synthesize the explored variables, containing them together similar to each other. The obtained classification, in that they weigh the limits of the used indicators, above all the fact of they date of 1991, it characterized the zones ofmformation of the municipality appropriately, establishing a realistic background, on which the distribution of the aids is analyzed. It was like this possible to detect visually and statistically the socioeconomic consistency, the pauperization and the femalization of the aids. The predominant category of exhibition of the aids in the municipality of Fortaleza was the masculine homo/bisexuals. About 48% of the patients with aids belong to this category, while the heterosexual ones represent 39% of the patients. The growth of the heterosexual transmission, detected in the great cities, it is verified again in this mumcipality. As an unportant fact, the temporary analysis of the number of cases in heterosexual showed a growth that surpassed the cases masculine homo/bisexuals between 1997 and 1999.