Modelagem computacional e análise das distorções harmônicas em um complexo industrial

Abstract

The evaluation of power quality, especially regarding harmonic distortions, is essential for the operational safety of electrical systems. Power electronics-based components, commonly used in industrial installations, increase the amount of nonlinear loads and, consequently, harmonic distortions in electrical networks. Among the various problems caused by these phenomena are overcurrents in transformers, overloads in conductors, and overvoltages in capacitor banks, reducing the lifespan of equipment and causing overheating and improper operation of protection devices. In this context, based on thermographic inspections and preliminary measurements carried out in an industrial installation located in Ceará, a hypothesis of harmonic distortion problems in a sector of this industry was raised. Thus, the work aims to evaluate harmonic penetration in a sector of the industrial complex through system modeling in MATLAB/Simulink® software. The data for modeling were obtained from the manufacturers' information of the equipment, and the model validation was carried out by comparing the characteristics measured in previous investigations with the simulated ones. The results indicated the presence of high harmonic distortions of the 5th, 11th, 13th, and 17th orders, with the highest percentage of 14.45% attributed to the 5th harmonic order, whose magnitude can be justified by the presence of a serie resonance at the same order.