Desenvolvimento de projeto de mistura de compósito cimentício para aplicações de impressão 3d

Abstract

In the 18th century, there was significant population growth, which led to the uncontrolled growth of cities and the emergence of urban problems, such as the lack of adequate housing. The advance of industrialization in the construction industry has the opportunity to remedy the large deficit in the sector. Existing problems, such as the lack of skilled labor, the large generation of waste and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, have led to the study of alternative construction systems. 3D printing has emerged as an innovative technology that can convert a digital design model into a physical object. With its potential for automation, elimination of formwork, reduction of construction waste and improved geometric precision, its use is very promising in the construction industry. The aim of this work was to develop a cementitious composite with natural materials from the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza (RMF) for use as a 3D printing mass. To do this, a bibliographic survey was carried out on the rheological and hardening parameters of 3D printing putties. Next, a commercial projection mortar was characterized for use as a reference, as well as the local materials defined. The 3D printing mixtures were dosed and tested for rheological and mechanical properties and, finally, a prototype “L” wall with dimensions of 1.5m x 1.0m x 0.20m, as well as 0.15m x 0.30m x 0.20m blocks were printed. As a result, a definitive mixture was obtained that was capable of being printed by the machine, meeting the thixotropic behavior and the limits established in the literature and by the reference mortar for the rheological parameters and mechanical strengths. The printed blocks were tested in compression, which verified that they complied with the standard. It was concluded that the results of this research and the values found in international literature for 3DCP composites are in line with the standards normally used in this new construction technique.