Diferenças e semelhanças entre pilates tradicional e pilates contemporâneo: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Joseph Pilates created the Pilates method for the physical and mental health conditions during the First World War, based on the principles of concentration, centering, precision, breath, control, and flow. Currently, there is a discussion about the methodological difference between the traditional approach and its evolution over the years, referred to as contemporary or clinical Pilates. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the differences and similarities between traditional Pilates and contemporary Pilates. METHODS: Literature scope review with a systematic search strategy between January and April 2023. Data were collected from PubMed, PEDro, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, combining descriptors such as "pilates," "classic," "traditional," "pilates fitness," and "pilates rehabilitation," along with synonyms, using Boolean operators. Publications in both English and Portuguese were included, with no limitation on the year of publication or study design. Studies that did not address the content of traditional and contemporary Pilates were excluded. A free search was conducted in the reference lists of eligible studies. Data extraction was performed by two independent researchers. RESULTS: Of the 1942 publications found, 15 were eligible. The traditional method follows the teachings of Joseph Pilates, does not consider the clinical history, and aims at the rectification of the spine. The contemporary method is centered on the needs of the patient/client established through an evaluation, follows the philosophical foundation but adapts exercises and incorporates new resources. Nevertheless, both methods aim to improve stability and muscular strength. CONCLUSION: Although both follow the same philosophical foundation, there are differences in conceptual theoretical bases, nomenclature, prescription structure, instructors, and in equipment and accessories.