Análise comparativa entre geração centralizada e geração descentralizada fotovoltaica para as escolas de ensino fundamental da sede do município de Boa Viagem - CE

Abstract

This study investigated the feasibility of implementing photovoltaic (PV) generation systems in elementary schools in the municipality of Boa Viagem, Ceará, Brazil, comparing centralized and decentralized generation approaches. Sizing was performed for both types of generation, specifying the quantity of modules, inverters, microinverters, wiring, and protection systems. Initial costs, financial returns, benefits, and challenges of both approaches were analyzed, considering electricity production scenarios over the months, in accordance with applicable standards. The choice between them should consider sustainability goals, funding availability, and local regulations. In addition to economic benefits, PV system implementation also contributes to environmental awareness and student education, emphasizing its crucial role in advancing towards a more sustainable future. Decentralized generation offers the advantage of low visual and environmental impact, while centralized generation can result in significant economies of scale and greater technical efficiency. payback and return on investment were the financial metrics used in the study. The results showed that a mixed system, involving both inverters and microinverters in decentralized generation, proved more applicable, considering costs, return on investment times, and energy efficiency, compared to centralized generation. Thus, this study provides a solid foundation for decision-making and highlights the potential of PV generation not only as an efficient electricity source but also as a valuable educational tool for future generations.