Diagnóstico dos impactos ambientais perceptíveis na área de um lixão: um estudo de caso no município de Russas – Ce

Abstract

ABNT NBR 10004/2004 defines solid waste as solid and semi- solid waste resulting from industrial, domestic, hospital, commercial, agricultural, service ands weeping activities, resulting from the process of disposal of goods. The rampant production of waste can be inclined by consumerism, which indirectly stimulates environmental depletion by unnecessarily increasing the extraction in nature of the inputs used in production processes. In view of this, accompanies this study the social and environmental responsibility as a citizen, analyzing the conditions of waste disposal in the city of Russas, and thereby determine the degree of commitment of the area. The objective of the work is to evaluate the environmental impacts on the dump of the city of Russas - CE, caused by the irregular disposal of solid waste in the municipality, presenting the conditions of the soil, air, water resources and the socio-environmental aspects of the region. In addition to proposing possible measures to combat improper disposal and management. Thus, seeking information with scientific basis, the study unfolded as a field research, through a visit to the dump on April 13, 2023. To evaluate the environmental impacts (EIA), the checklist method used by Campos (2008) and adapted by Araújo (2015) was used, and in order to complete the information, also applying the Interaction Matrix method and the Waste Landfill Quality Index (IQAR). It is observed that the most affected environment is the physical one, in view of soil pollution and its land use capacity, with severe damage and with the potential for long permanence after the impact. In addition to physical damage, the inadequate and deficient disposal of waste has consequences such as the spread of disease vectors that directly attack public health through pathogenic organisms and affect the quality of life of the adjacent population, increase the erosion process, cause the emission of odors, alter the use of land, damage the relief, the burning of waste causes a highly toxic smoke and spreads over a considerable area. The lack of proper management of this material causes problems that affect an entire community. Thus, measures to circumvent the situation would start from raising awareness and promoting behavioral changes with regard to waste disposal, enabling the training of collectors and informing them about the unhealthiness they are subject to and how to protect them selves, and finally, improving the infrastructure present in the dump.