Contratos irregulares de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário: o desafio para o atingimento das metas de universalização

Abstract

The universalization of water and sewage services has important impacts on health, environment and citizenship, however, it has stagnated, especially since the institution of Law 11.445/2007, which establishes the national guidelines for basic sanitation. Due to the relevance and frequent discussions about this topic, the present study aimed to evaluate the challenges for the universalization goals of water and sewage services to be achieved by municipalities that have service contracts classified as irregular by the beginning of 2023, based on the analysis of the SNIS 2021 indicators, base year 2020. For this study, in addition to the operational indicators of SNIS, data and socioeconomic information, available in IBGE databases, were collected and analyzed, in order to draw the parallel between these aspects and the provision of water and sewage services, as well as the direction of investments for these areas, according to their characteristics. In addition, the regional averages of the SNIS 2021 indicators were also calculated for each of the Brazilian macro-regions, depending on the situation of service delivery in the municipalities that compose them. Based on the results, it was possible to observe that, at the national level, the regular municipalities, which have their goals duly contracted, present universalization and efficiency indexes higher than the irregular municipalities. In addition, the scenario is uncertain and unfavorable for municipalities that are in an irregular situation, especially for smaller and poorer municipalities, due to the difficulty of obtaining investments for the sector in these municipalities.