A economia compartilhada e a percepção dos sentidos do trabalho pelos motoristas de uber em Fortaleza

Abstract

The start of activities by companies as if Uber, Ifood and Rappi in Brazil have profoundly altered the structure of the labor market in the country. These companies, more intensively since 2015, have become a source of income, whether complementary or integral, for a significant portion of our economically active population. At the same time that this market structure puts its “collaborators” in a different status from the usual until then, since subordinate work is directly less necessary for it’s functioning. In view of this, the question arises: what is the perception of the “collaborators” of transport companies by application regarding the meanings of the work they do? The central activity of these companies is to mediate between customers and individual service providers. The general objective of this work was to understand the perception of the drivers of transport applications in Fortaleza about the directions of work and the relevant factors of the phenomenon of the new model of capitalist organization. As a basis for the study, a questionnaire was used, with 108 samples, and semi-structured interviews were conducted for five application drivers in the city of Fortaleza. An exploratory descriptive analysis of the data was carried out

using a quantitative questionnaire and a qualitative survey carried out through semi- structured interviews. It is concluded that drivers have a high level of understanding

about the social utility of their activity, autonomy and flexible working hours. Among the main negative points, the remuneration and the feeling of insecurity in the sense of physical integrity were pointed out. Therefore, work in Shared Economy companies presents itself as an activity that has meaning and meaning for workers, while having clear characteristics of precariousness, such as low remuneration, insecurity and high workload. Based on the data obtained in the questionnaire together with the interview material, what stands out the most is the possibility of exercising a paid activity in a country with high unemployment and the flexibility of working hours.