Que estátua é essa? Os monumentos estatuários e bustos como fontes para a problematização dos objetos de conhecimento nas aulas de história no ensino médio

Abstract

This work aims to analyze how statuary monuments and busts erected in publicspaces in the city can contribute to the historical learning of students in basic education by being used as sources for the problematization of contents in History classes. Working with public sculptures in history teaching stems from the need to reflect on the role of statuary monuments as vestiges, evidence of the past, which allow students to understand the construction of official narratives in the public spaces of the city, in addition to providing reflections on memory, identity and historical empathy in these spaces. In this sense, the analysis of the acts of erasure, carried out in the monuments, help the students to understand them as forms of expression of society in relation to the memory celebrated in them. It is important to point out that the reference documents of Brazilian education, such as the National Curricular Parameters, emphasize the need to work with varied historical sources and among them we highlight the statuary monuments. Therefore, we propose a new educational relationship with the official statuary heritage, through a didactic proposal of methodology of historical investigation of statuary monuments and busts erected in the public spaces of the city as sources for the problematization of objects of knowledge in history classes in High School, allowing students to know, interpret and appropriate or reframe the memories celebrated from such monuments.