Fatores psicossociais de risco frente ao cometimento de violência sexual por parceiros íntimos

Abstract

Intimate Partner Sexual Violence (IPSV) encompasses all behaviors that comprise a coercive act against a partner's sexuality. This master’s thesis aimed was to analyze the influence of psychosocial risk factors regarding the commitment of intimate partner sexual violence in the Brazilian context. Specifically, we aimed to assess the predictive role of childhood trauma; traditional gender norms; dominance; educational and socioeconomic level in the performance of IPSV. Participants were 1376 Brazilian cis, heterosexual men, aged between 18 and 61 years (M = 24.89; SD = 5.66), who claimed to be (or have been) in a relationship with sexual behavior. The instruments used were Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Short Form); Violence Propensity Scale Women in Intimate Relationships; Personal and Relationship Profile (Dominance Scale); The Gender-Equitable Men Scale; and the Sociodemographic Questionnaire. All ethical procedures were followed, and the participation was conditioned to the signing of the Consent Form. The SPSS software (version 21), FACTOR (version 11.05.01) and Jamovi (version 2.2.2) were used. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses, exploratory factor analysis, binomial logistic regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. The results of the validation study of the scales Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Short Form), Violence Propensity Scale Women in Intimate Relationships and Personal and Relationship Profile (Dominance Scale) indicated factorial structures consistent, as well as the adequacy to the psychometric parameters of validity and reliability. The results showed positive and significant correlations between the variables childhood trauma, dominance, acceptance of traditional norms of gender, income, and schooling and the IPSV. The findings also identified that men who commit violence under the influence of substances differ significantly from those who commit violence without the effect of substances and from individuals who do not commit violence. Furthermore, the model that presented the best fit included the variables of normal gender norms (OR = 3.9; p <0.001) and dominance (OR = 29; p <0.001). Despite some limitations, we understand that the present study achieved the proposed objectives and contributed to the advancement of the intimate partners sexual violence research field.