A política pública de resíduos sólidos do município de Fortaleza – CE: avaliação do Programa e-Carroceiro no Ecopolo da Av. Leste-oeste

Abstract

Considered to be from heterogeneous essence, the problem of solid waste is no longer a matter of technical-formal management, but it has become an organic process of participatory management, inserted in the concept of integrated management, that considers the political, economic, environmental, cultural and social dimensions, with social control and under the premise of sustainable development. This is what is set in the National Solid Waste Policy (Law nº 12.305/10), enacted after 20 years of discussion in the National Congress and in 2020 celebrated its 10 years anniversary. And within this theme is where this public policy that its now being evaluated lies in, also implemented by the Municipality of Fortaleza in August 2017, after the consolidation of the Ecopoints and enacted by law in December 2019 (Law nº 10.975/19). The general objective of this study is to evaluate the E-Carroceiro Program at the Ecopolo on Leste-Oeste Avenue, observing how its implementation and execution have contributed to the integrated management of solid waste in the Municipality of Fortaleza, especially regarding the socioeconomic inclusion of the carters. This is a qualitative social research that used the case study method, adopting in-depth evaluation as an evaluative perspective. It is characterized by being a bibliographical, documental, and field research in which there was a direct observation, and formal and informal interviews with the actors involved in this process: managers, technicians of the Municipality of Fortaleza responsible for the idealization and implementation of the Program, and carters all participants since the administration of Mayor Roberto Cláudio. The main technique used for data collection was the semi-structured interview. The testimonies collected were analyzed according to the technique of content analysis. The study showed that participating managers, technicians and carters positively evaluated the Program, and that the Program significantly contributed to integrated waste management. However, even though the Program contributed substantially to the reduction of irregular waste disposal (one of the biggest challenges of waste management in Fortaleza) and also to the Municipality's costs for public collection, generating income for carters and fostering the local and circular economy, but all the regards the socioeconomic inclusion and social participation still falls short. Therefore, lacking appreciation and recognition of those types of workers