Uma proposta de modelo baseado na teoria da atividade para elicitação de requisitos em sistemas de informação

Abstract

This work presents an application of a methodology for eliciting software requirements in information systems based on activity theory. This theory is based on concepts from philosophy and psychology and introduced by Lev Vygotsky. In this theory, the activity is conceived as an organizational unit that defines the context for analyzing the realization of human actions. The proposed methodology seeks, within the constituent elements of the theory, references to assist in the process of eliciting more robust systems such as, for example, information systems. The initial idea of the study is based on the assumption that the understanding of the activities carried out by the stakeholders involved in a system is essential for a complete understanding of the domain of an application, especially for applications that cover a high number of stakeholders and organizational processes, these by in turn, they tend to be more complex and demand a more peripheral view of all the elements present in it. The concept of activity employed in the theory incorporates elements such as subject, community, mediation tools, rules, division of labor, objects of transformation, actions and operations. As an example of application of the methodology, an requirements elicitation experiment was developed in a warehouse control information system of a municipal education department. At the end of the work, using the results obtained in the experiment demonstrated the feasibility of using the model in eliciting requirements by mapping the elements of the theory to other organizational units of the standard elicitation models.