Uso de geotecnologias na avaliação de impactos ambientais da carcinicultura Oligohalina

Abstract

Shrimp farming in oligohaline waters has been expanding in Ceará, especially in the Lower Jaguaribe region, due to factors such as adequate environmental conditions and high productivity. In the municipality of Jaguaruana, the activity showed temporarily high economic growth. This expansion can generate many benefits with regard to socioeconomic factors, but also great concerns for its increasing environmental impacts. The research aims to assess the suitability of geotechnologies in the identification and monitoring of geoenvironmental changes in areas with oligohaline shrimp farming. The specific objectives are to identify the changes with the implantation and development of captive shrimp farming, and to discuss the potential risks of improper disposal of wastewater to the Jaguaribe River in the municipality of Jaguaruana. For data collection, multitemporal maps of land use and occupation were elaborated, through supervised classification, which made it possible to identify the nurseries in the images. The transformations in space caused by the activity of shrimp farming in the city of Jaguaruana-CE are presented and a bibliographic review of the main impacts. The results show that some environmental impacts, changes in physical aspects of the region and in the use and occupation of the soil, in addition to other factors, were evident. Therefore, the remote sensing techniques used can assist in monitoring the growth of activity, as well as serving as a monitoring tool.