Electra e o problema de gênero

Abstract

This present research intended to make an analysis of the representation of Greek women with the main focus on the character Electra. It is assumed that in the heterogeneity of philosophical and dramaturgical discourses it is possible to identify marks of a discourse influenced by gender. To understand the Gender issue, we need to understand how it is shaped from the earliest days of ancient Greece to the present day. The study aimed to analyze how the Gender issue influenced the construction of ancient Greek literary works and identify how female characters are represented in the Athenian theater. The study is justified by the fact that it deals with a theme that reflects the role of women in the society of the classical Greek period. However, it reinforces the idea of women fighting for what they believe. It is a bibliographical, descriptive and explanatory research, following the procedures of Comparative Literature. We deal with the gender issue from the gender studies of Judith Butler and Joan Scott. We then explain how the notion of Gender was viewed in the Greek Classical period. Then we look at how Aristotle presented his conception of genre and finally look at how genre was treated in Greek literary texts. We investigated the female characters that appear in the play: Electra, Chrysothemis, Clytemnestra and the choir. In addition, our research is guided by the works produced by scholars such as Julia Kristeva, Harold Bloom, Chimamanda Adichie and classic authors such as Aristotle, Aristophanes, Aeschylus, Euripides, Homer and Gorgias. Our theoretical framework defends the view that gender can establish links with racial, classist, ethnic, sexual and regional categories of identity that are constituted through discourse (BUTLER, 2017). We understand that the study of discourse is necessary, as it analyzes the interrelationship between discourses, which are linked to the socio-historical-cultural context of their production. In fact, the discourse is inseparable from all political issues (FOUCAULT, 2013). Power is what will help the discourse to be constructed and cannot be detached from it. Hence, the importance of investigating how female discourse in tragedy helps to identify gender construction.