Custos de manutenção em barragens no estado do Ceará

Abstract

In this work we analyzed the maintenance services of earth dams and the evaluation of the postponement costs of these repairs, as well as the survey of the main anomalies and the preferred sites of their emergence in Ceará earth buses in the years 2006 to 2014. Also accidents and incidents and major dam failures that occurred in Brazil from 2011 to 2017 were identified and classified by type of material and purpose. To carry out the cost surveys, four buses located in Ceará were chosen: Coronel, Martinópole, Caracas and Olho D'Agua. The necessary information on the maintenance of water accumulation structures in the state was obtained through the reports available on the website of the Company of Water Resources Management (COGERH). To estimate the budget for maintenance services, the Seinfra 026.1 price list was used. To characterize the consequences of delaying interventions, the Safety and Inspection Manual (2002) provided by the Ministry of National Integration was used. The results show that the dams that have the purpose of water accumulation are the ones that suffer the most from the emergence of pathologies. We also observed a large number of events that could not identify all information. The most frequent anomalies in the studied period were the ruptures, followed by spillway problems and erosions. In Ceará it can be noted that the dams in the state present problems with erosion and vegetation, corresponding together to 35.1% of the cases, and the places where they are more recurrent are in the downstream slope and the spillway, corresponding to 57. 82% of cases. In the survey of costs, it was found that most of the dams studied underwent pathological intensification processes in consecutive years, making their maintenance costs rise, the highest increases were 98.38% in the Colonel, 435.3% in the Martinópole, 2997.28%. For the hypothetical scenarios that were estimated it was found that the highest elevations were 121.1% for the Do Coronel dam, 582.65% in Martinópole, over 1211% in Caracas, and the largest water eye. increase was 249.86%. In Ceará surveys, it can be inferred that the most recurrent anomalies are due to the lack of protection in the slopes and waterproofing of the spillway. It is observed that the delay in dealing with dam damage during inspections considerably increases the associated costs and increases the chances of new anomalies.