Estimativa dos Índices de Vegetação NDVI e SAVI na Unidade de Conservação do Parque Estadual das Carnaúbas – CE com utilização de técnicas do sensoriamento remoto.

Abstract

The present research has as main objective to estimate the indexes of vegetation by normalized difference (NDVI); and soil-adjusted (SAVI) in the Conservation Unit of Parque Estadual das Carnaúbas - CE making use of current techniques of remote sensing. The Caatinga, despite efforts to ensure its conservation and preservation by the academic community and environmental agencies in recent years, continues to be the target of unsustainable and harmful biome practices. The causes for deforestation are clearly evidenced by Remote Sensing tools, with emphasis on land use and urban development. For the monitoring of the vegetation cover in the exposed study area, the NDVI and SAVI were calculated using satellite images Landsat 4-5 sensor Thematic Mapper (TM) for the years 1986, 1993, 1999 and 2006; and satellite Landsat 8 sensor Operational Land Imager (OLI)/Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) for the years 2016 e 2018. The NDVI and SAVI values were estimated and their statistical parameters were discriminated. The grid statistics: mean, standard deviation and variance, calculated for vegetation index by normalized difference, were used to detect the variation of vegetation cover, and the differences between the annual values allowed a balance of increments and reductions for each class of vegetation within the region of study. Based on the results observed, the NDVI showed the best index for the conditions of the area, being an efficient indicator in the aid of environmental monitoring studies of flora, encompassing the Geotechnologies.