A condição jurídica dos imigrantes venezuelanos no Brasil e as políticas públicas adotadas pelo Governo Brasileiro em Boa Vista- RR

Abstract

In this dissertation it is evaluated if Brazil has normative instruments of federal scope that deal with the theme of immigrant peoples and the adopted public policies, with focus in the investigation of the appropriate treatment of the refugees question, comparing the implementation of guidelines established in international agreements of which the country is a signatory. In order to do so, in the light of the Venezuelan migratory crisis in the country, it is based on an inductive analysis, mediated by bibliographical and documentary research, in which are identified the most diverse international agreements and federal normative diplomas, especially ordinary laws and regulatory decree, that evidence of the recognition, characterization and protection of refugees. Based on an exploratory research in Boa Vista-RR, with the application of questionnaires of structural questions to Venezuelans founded in the streets of the Capital of Roraima, and in the analysis of data obtained from Non-Governmental Organizations (ACNUr and Migra Mundo) and public agencies (state and federal), the characterization of the condition of Venezuelans entering Brazil, the fulfillment of the international obligations assumed by the Brazilian State, and public policies aimed at this vulnerable group. This evaluation allows us to understand the obligation of the Brazilian State in relation to the issue, allowing us to identify the existence or not of a National Policy for refugee peoples and if there is effectiveness in existing public policies. Through the identification of multiple obstacles, we can see that the issue of refugees only had room in the national schedule after the humanitarian crisis in Venezuela, which resulted in the displacement of an intense number of Venezuelans to Brazil, under subhuman conditions, passing through the border of Pacaraima. Even though the migratory density is lower than that observed in other countries (for example, it is identified that Colombia received more Venezuelan immigrants than Brazil), the absence of public planning almost collapsed the State of Roraima, demanding several federal aid to the entity federative. It is suggested, therefore, the development and improvement of a National Policy for Refugees, focusing on the internalization of refugees in self-sufficient economic centers, including through the formation of a collaborative network between the Federal State and private organizations and associations that defence and protection of refugees, as a way to integrate the Venezuelan population with dignity. Therefore, it is defended that the national and international obligation assumed by Brazil is to welcome refugees, without discrimination, and seek equal treatment with the national population.