Desenvolvimento e caracterização de nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas carreadas com ácido anacárdico

Abstract

Lipid matrices are used in nanosystems and have been widely researched for their excellent characteristics, such as; Biocompatibility and versatility in the use of this system for oral, pulmonary, topical and parenteral drug delivery. Anacardic acid is isolated from cashew nut liquid shell, where it is extracted from the cashew nutshell. This work carried out a fusion-emulsification procedure to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) based on carnauba wax and anacardic acid, evaluating the concentration of two types of surfactants and lipid matrix. From the results obtained by the technique of dynamic light scattering (DLS) it was possible observe the average particle size and thus to select formulations with smaller particle sizes. The most stable SLN's were the SLN with a composition of 2% carnauba wax and 1% surfactant, particle size 354.8 nm for SLN 11 and 177.9 nm for SLN 12 and zeta potential values of -38.4 and -37.4 mV, respectively. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) it was possible to analyze the solid lipid nanoparticles morphologically, revealing a spherical shape acquired by them. From the TG analyzes, it was possible to presume the presence of anacardic acid in the nanoparticles and, as observed in the DSC thermograms, there was a decrease in the melting temperature of the SLN, showing that they had less organized crystals than pure carnauba wax crystals . Based on the infrared spectra it was found that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients of the formulation. According to the results obtained and with the wide potential of applications of anacardic acid, mainly biological and antibacterial, they suggest that there is possibility of incorporation of these SLN in the development of liquid soaps with bactericidal action.