Interfaces entre desenvolvimento, políticas de agronegócio e políticas de transportes: o caso da Região da Ibiapaba no Estado do Ceará

Abstract

Major transformations, known as globalization, are taking place in the world economy and these are making necessary, to all countries, to undertake the adequate changes in the manner of managing its economies. However, globalization is being processed in a conservative way, highlighting historical social and regional inequalities, besides generating new inequalities. Rendering it impossible to achieve by the market’s free forces as set up by the global neoliberalism, Development requires governmental planning aiming to direct, balance and distribute, within the space, the economic activities growth, besides warranting the distribution of income generated by the economic growth coming out from the family units. In spite of all that, the State of Ceará has also adopted the neoliberal-global prescription, focusing on economic growth and the attraction of foreign investments as the main vectors of its development process, without concern for the balanced distribution among its regions and populations of the product provided by this growth. In the late 80’s and early 90’s, changes started to occur in the State of Ceará primary sector base and this sector started to display a slight trend towards the integration of both agricultural and industrial sectors, this was the inception of agribusiness. The State of Ceará administration, noticing the potential of the Ibiapaba region for the agricultural production, and as it needed as well to foster in another matrix the state’s “development”, it has chosen to invest heavily, as from 1998, in the polarized irrigation agriculture. Within the administration’s private view of “agribusiness” and of “development” the main measure adopted for the agricultural sector by the state’s governments for changes starting from Tasso Jereissati – was to conceive agricultural growing poles, among which lies Ibiapaba. In this context, the current dissertation endeavor to correlate, in a general manner for the State of Ceará, and in particular to this region, Development, Agribusiness Policies and Transportation Policies. An analysis was carried out to verify whether Global Regional Development Policies should or not precede sectorial policies, both in what concern transportations infrastructure, as well as in agribusiness features, or whether it is possible to obtain long lasting results for the regional development without a clear cut definition and application of these Text.