Capital social e desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar no Ceará

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the level of social capital in agriculture in the Territory of Cidadania Vales do Curu e Aracatiaçu, in rural communities in the municipality of Pentecoste (CE) and communities belonging to União das Associações Vale do Rio Canindé (UAVRC). The theoretical studies point to the great evolution of territorial development policies and the importance of social capital for the development of these policies, institutions and organizations for the development of family farming especially in semi - arid areas, as well as community relations. To obtain the data were administered questionnaires regarding the crop year 2014 with questions about the proposed topic in 42 rural communities in the municipality of Pentecoste corresponding to 163 families, and of these, 10 communities and 68 families belong to UAVRC. The beginning of this research constitutes a historical apparatus relating to policies or programs, institutions and forms of organizations present in the territory under study and then in the capture of the capital level of rural communities in the municipality and UAVRC. The analytical data processing consisted in the application of multivariate analysis methods known as factor analysis and from the application of this technique was constructed the Social Capital Index for rural communities in the municipality and UAVRC and, in addition, the identification and classification of communities in clusters, according to the measurement of social capital in these communities through grouping analysis or cluster. Finally, we developed community workshops to analyze the perception of farmers UAVRC on policies or programs, institutions, forms of relevant organizations and projects in these communities through a Venn diagram showing the past, present and future situation of the communities. Thus, it was initially done the analysis of the content that is believed to be able to give an idea about the level of capital according to the categories: groups and networks, trust and solidarity, collective action and cooperation, cohesion and social inclusion public policies and technical assistance. Then we applied the grouping analysis or cluster to group this index in low-order, medium and high categories. The proposed ICS showed what we already expected: a deficiency in the patterns of social capital of the studied spaces, that could be explained by the database frequency analysis through the answers obtained in the field research. Overall, it was found that there is weakness mainly in the training organizations, public policies for the development and frequent technical assistance, both for rural communities in the municipality as a whole and for the whole UAVRC.