Projeto de um hardware para monitoramento não invasivo de colmeias de abelhas

Abstract

Embedded systems are present in large quantities in devices in our everyday life, such as televisions, microwaves, washing machines, cameras, and mobile phones. Furthermore, due to Industry 4.0 and the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, embedded systems are continuously and progressively being used in precision agriculture. However, many of these devices, the vast majority of which are imported, are still expensive for the reality of Brazil, especially when considering small farmers who often lack funding or resources to computerize their production processes. In this context, this monograph aims to develop low-cost hardware for an embedded system that monitors the health of beehives remotely and can be powered by photovoltaic energy. This hardware consists of sensors responsible for collecting physical quantities, such as weight, temperature, and humidity, which will be directly connected to an Arduino Nano V3 microcontroller. The microcontroller, in turn, has the main function of processing the data and transmitting it via radio signals through a LoRa SX1276 module to a receiver module. The result of this work is the conception and project of this low-cost hardware, culminating in a national project that can be used not only for monitoring bees but also for other necessary monitoring activities in precision agriculture.