Crise climática: uma análise das consequências e perspectivas para a cafeicultura brasileira

Abstract

The climate crisis represents the greatest challenge to the stability of vital sectors, such as Brazilian agribusiness, especially coffee farming. Coffee, a commodity of high global socioeconomic relevance, is highly dependent on specific climatic conditions, such as mild temperatures and adequate rainfall patterns. The increase in heat waves and water scarcity are the main vectors of impact, threatening the viability of cultivation and the sensory profile of coffee. Climate change not only compromises the intrinsic quality of the bean, but also intensifies food safety risks by favoring thermotolerant pathogens. In this scenario, the literature points to adaptive measures such as shade management, genetic improvement, and environmental management. However, there is a critical gap in adaptation strategies, which are limited by financial barriers and the lack of specificity of certification programs, which tend to prioritize mitigation over tangible and immediate solutions, highlighting the complexity of the issue and the need for more research to ensure the resilience and competitiveness of the final product.