Saúde mental e trabalho: potencialidades e tensionamentos para reabilitação psicossocial pelo programa mais emprego de Sobral

Abstract

Despite advances in discussions on mental health, contemporary society still reproduces a custodial, marginalized, and disabling view of people who receive care in the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS). This stigmatized perception fosters exclusion and discrimination, affecting not only the health care process of these individuals but also their relationships with the community, access to work, and economic reintegration. In this context, the present dissertation aimed to understand the psychosocial rehabilitation of mental health users through their reintegration into the labor market via the program Mais Emprego, Mais Sobral. Specifically, it sought to map the main needs experienced in the professional activities in which they are inserted; identify the requirements for technical and professional improvement; discuss the interface between the use of alcohol and other drugs by RAPS users and work; and design a professional development course that meets the identified needs and provides care strategies for maintaining mental health. The methodological perspective was a qualitative study of an exploratory and descriptive nature, using a sociodemographic questionnaire and semi-structured interviews as data collection instruments. Participants were organized into two groups: RAPS users inserted into the Mais Emprego work program and their respective institutional tutors, totaling nine informants (six users and three tutors). Data analysis was conducted based on Dialogical Discourse Analysis (DDA), seeking to understand the meanings produced in the narratives through the interplay of language, context, and ideology. The results pointed to a dialectical field regarding psychosocial rehabilitation through labor reintegration, with both potentialities and challenges to be addressed. The findings also highlighted the need for training that encompasses not only technical content but also relational, affective, and pedagogical aspects, with accessible methodologies adapted to participants’ singularities. In addition, the importance of interventions addressing substance use care was emphasized, grounded in a harm reduction perspective and non-punitive approaches. As technical products, the first symposium on mental health and solidarity economy was held, fostering discussions and contributions in these two fields. Furthermore, a professional development course was designed, proposing inclusive methodologies that articulate continuous care and work. This course is presented as a replicable social technology, with strategies to strengthen psychosocial rehabilitation through labor.