Fatores associados à mortalidade em intoxicações agudas por medicamentos no Brasil no período de 2007 a 2017

Abstract

Intoxication is the manifestation of the toxic effect caused by the interaction between the toxic agent, in specific concentration, for a certain time, at its place of action, occurring due to the consequent physiological unbalance of the biochemical changes of the organism. The work investigates the role of the drug as responsible for these reactions, seeking to indicate the demographic variables that are involved in the cases. The study proposes an investigation related to the demographic profile of drug intoxications, based on the Toxic-Pharmacological Information System (SINITOX). The study uses information on registered cases and deaths, age group, gender, area of occurrence, circumstances, and evolution of cases. The period studied begins in 2007 and ends in 2017, and after that year no data are found. In the work, the chi-square test was used to evaluate the correction of the variables. It was evidenced that Brazil has a lethality rate due to drug intoxication for the 11 years of 0.28% of the cases, so that 40.75% of the cases occurred due to suicide attempt, as well as 53.33% of the deaths. The age range in which there are more incidents are in children aged 1 to 4 years (26.83%). However, deaths occur between 30 and 39 years (14.86%). It was also demonstrated that 61.48% of the cases occur in females; 45.79% of deaths are women. Although the Southeast region indicates 50.22% of the cases and 38.80% of deaths, the highest lethality is in northeastern Brazil (0.64%). The Pearson’s chisquare test showed that only the variable sex (p=0.635) does not show correlation with deaths from drug intoxication. The study showed limitations related to the database and its lack of information after 2017; disproportionate demand by region, with emphasis on the North, which ends up impacting on the notification; and lack of data in SINITOX indicating which drugs were used in the cases