Ferramenta didática no ensino de sexualidade para adolescentes: promovendo a compreensão do próprio corpo

Abstract

One of the objectives of science education is to assist in the understanding of concepts related to nature, life, and the universe. This study discusses the importance of sexual education in science teaching, with an emphasis on the female reproductive system, highlighting the relevance of the topic for critical and civic formation, as well as for the promotion of health. Historically, sexuality has been treated as a taboo in Brazilian schools, often addressed in a limited way and focused on bodily control. Despite advances driven by public policies and official documents such as the National Curriculum Parameters (PCN) and the Regional Curriculum Document of Ceará (DCRC), the content remains restricted, decontextualized, and superficially addressed. Based on a meaningful pedagogical practice anchored in David Ausubel’s theory of learning and the author's academic background in Reproductive Biology and Developmental Biology, this study proposes the use of a three dimensional didactic model to facilitate the understanding of topics such as the menstrual cycle, fertility, and hormonal changes. The choice of the third year of high school is justified by the urgency of promoting scientific knowledge that combats myths, values respect for differences, and helps build healthier relationships. Therefore, the school should be a space for inclusion, listening, and the construction of knowledge, especially in the face of setbacks in discussions about sexual and reproductive rights. The results show that the use of concrete resources favors meaningful learning, increases student engagement, and contributes to the construction of scientific knowledge in a more contextualized and clearer way. It is concluded that the application of didactic models in Biology teaching is an effective and necessary practice, especially in topics involving the body, sexuality, and health, promoting a comprehensive and critical education for students.