Análise da poluição por bitucas de cigarro na Praia do Lido (Fortaleza/CE) no contexto pós-pandemia

Abstract

The improper disposal of cigarette butts (CBs) represents a global environmental problem, with around 6 trillion cigarettes consumed annually, of which approximately 75% are improperly discarded, making CBs the most common waste found in urban and coastal environments. In this context, this article analyzes the disposal of CBs at Lido Beach, in Fortaleza, Ceará, during the post-pandemic period, as part of the "Oceano sem Bituca" project. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and degradation of CBs, focusing on their density and accumulation dynamics. To this end, 14 surveys were conducted between May and October 2024, analyzing the density and degradation level of CBs in selected beach transects. The results revealed an average density of 0.77 CBs/m², similar to the value recorded by Ribeiro (2022) at the same location, suggesting stability in disposal patterns over time. The variations observed throughout the months were influenced by factors such as the holiday period and the wind season. The analysis of CB degradation showed a predominance of minimally degraded residues, indicating continuous disposal and the inefficiency of current cleaning methods. The research highlights the need for mitigation measures and environmental education strategies aimed at reducing improper disposal and preserving the coastal ecosystem.