Análise estrutural do chassi de um Baja SAE a partir do método dos elementos finitos aplicado a modelo dinâmico multicorpo do tipo four-post

Abstract

The Finite Element Method (FEM) has been continuously used in the design of automotive components and systems, such as in the design of Baja SAE prototypes. Among the main difficulties associated with computational modeling from the FEM, there is the determination of the loads to be applied in the developed structural models, when these are most requested from the interaction between the vehicle and the road. The present work focused on the structural analysis of the roll cage of a Baja SAE from the construction of a dynamic multibody model of the SB-20 - prototype of the “Siará Baja” local extension project - of the four-post track simulator type, mitigating the difficulty associated with the quantification of loads, from the perspective of the vehicle as a system excited by the base. The materials and methods used for the structural analysis include the construction of the excitation functions of the system - taken from the synthesis of the vehicle operating profile -, the construction of the mechanical model of finite elements - from the stages of general conception, preparation of geometry, elasto-plastic model, mass distribution and general description - modal analysis, transient structural analysis, dynamic system response analysis and static and fatigue failure analysis. From the elaborated, results were obtained for the transmissibility of displacement, acceleration of the sprung mass in function of the driver comfort, safety factors for static failure and time of operation of the vehicle until fatigue failure. In conclusion, the computational modeling strategies used for the construction of the mechanical model proved to be effective, the model developed showed satisfactory mechanical behavior and the roll cage, component of analysis, obtained results compatible with the operation requirements, with static failure being its critical failure mode.