O futuro é mulher? O feminino nos discursos e na ascensão política de Bolsonaro – aproximações entre sociologia e psicanálise

Abstract

The rise of authoritarian governments in the 21st century in several countries has given rise to a series of investigations and academic productions in an attempt to identify the elements that converge to these results. Although many debates are still open, it is already possible to see some indications of confluence in different scenarios, such as the centrality of the gender and sexuality debate, as well as the crisis of liberal democracy. The anti-system speeches of figures such as Donald Trump and Jair Messias Bolsonaro are accompanied by an anti-feminist, racist and homophobic institutional agenda, cohesuring broad sections of society around a Christian agenda of controlling desires and bodies, in favor of defending family structures. traditional and gender roles considered natural. In Brazil, both during the 2018 presidential campaign and also during the government of President-elect Bolsonaro, a public production and intervention by psychoanalysts can be seen debating the political aspect in the light of Psychoanalysis. From this approach, for the purposes of this research, a hypothesis emerges about how Psychoanalysis and some of its concepts, in particular the elaborations on civilization's malaise, by Freud, and nontotal enjoyment by Lacan, could offer more elements in an attempt to understand this process, combined with other concepts mobilized in the Social Sciences, such as socioanalysis in Pierre Bourdieu. Based on a survey of more than five thousand journalistic articles published online by the Folha de S.Paulo newspaper, between 2011 and 2018, this work strives to demonstrate the preponderance of the gender issue in Jair Bolsonaro's speech, in observation the growth of his political figure in parallel with his attacks against the agendas of the feminist and LGBTQIA+ movements. This survey, in dialogue with the production of sociologists, philosophers and psychoanalysts, expresses the relevance of the "feminine" contained in this process.