Projeto "Fábrica de motores": uma abordagem do tema máquinas térmicas no ensino básico no contexto da teoria das inteligências múltiplas

Abstract

The field of Thermodynamics holds significant importance within Physics Teaching, both due to its integrative nature with other disciplines, such as Chemistry, and its enduring presence in academic curricula. However, a relatively limited number of studies focusing on teaching in this domain have been identified. In light of the relevance of Thermodynamics topics, an educational product was developed that incorporates both synchronous and asynchronous activities specifically addressing the topic of Heat Engines. To account for the individual differences among students in the teaching-learning process, the theoretical framework applied was Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences, which anchored the entirety of the design. This product was structured in the form of a booklet, with the classroom process comprising three central stages: research, project design, and prototype construction, the latter being an explanatory model. Students, organized into teams, engaged with the topics of the Carnot Cycle, the Otto Cycle, and the Refrigerator Cycle. The implementation of this product in the classroom yielded results that demonstrated not only an understanding of the structures of Heat Engines but also notable changes in classroom dynamics that enhanced the teaching-learning process.