Avaliação da política previdenciária estadual: reformas, restrições de direitos e perspectivas dos servidores de uma organização pública do Estado do Ceará

Abstract

Public policies are fundamental for ensuring social rights and reflect the State's role in promoting citizenship and human dignity. The pension policy aims to provide financial resources to support beneficiaries in situations of social risks, such as loss of work capacity due to old age, illness, work accidents, or incarceration. Social security, established as a fundamental right by the 1988 Federal Constitution, began to face changes from the 1990s due to pension reforms, with repercussions on the rights of public servants.The general objective of this study is to assess the impacts of pension reforms on the trajectory of state policy, focusing on restrictions on the rights of public servants and the perspective of the auditors from the Court of Accounts of the State of Ceará. The specific objectives are: (i) to analyze pension reforms since the 1990s and their impacts on the rights of public servants in Ceará; (ii) to investigate how these reforms were driven by economic demands and aimed at balancing the protection of servants' rights; and (iii) to identify possible significant ruptures in the protection of servants' pension rights and to assess whether these changes align with the political and economic context ; iv) understand the beneficiaries' perception of the pension policy regarding the restrictions on their rights. The research utilized the in-depth evaluation approach proposed by Rodrigues (2008) and adopted a qualitative methodology, including a comprehensive bibliographic and documentary review, as well as semi-structured interviews analyzed using Bardin's (2016) Content Analysis technique. The results indicate that the constitutionally envisaged concept of social protection was gradually replaced by pension reforms with an approach that prioritizes the economic focus, significantly altering the trajectory of the state’s pension policy in Ceará, resulting in restrictions and loss of rights for public servants.