Dinâmica socioespacial do imobiliário turístico e da morfologia urbana costeira nas metrópoles do nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

This research is part of the thematic perspective of tourist urbanization advocated by scholars who explain how the consolidation of real estate geared towards tourism and travel has prospered in the occupation of the coast, especially through the spread of maritime leisure practices based on "sun and sea". The Brazilian Northeast is one of the regions in Brazil where this type of real estate is on the rise, seen here as a vector of urbanization and induced by public tourism policies that have consolidated national and international investments in tourist complexes, resorts, hotels and even inns, as well as condominiums and subdivisions that seek to meet the demand for second homes. This process has gained greater expression in the coastal municipalities of the metropolitan regions of Fortaleza, Recife and Salvador over the last two decades. Based on these considerations, the aim of this research is to analyze, using urban morphology as a basis, the possible urban socio-spatial processes attributed to the insertion of tourism and real estate in the coastal cities of the metropolises of the Northeast. The methodology used is based on the scale of the respective metropolitan regions, where the main elements of urban morphology and their urban-rural composition are analyzed, and on the scale of the metropolitan coastal localities, the analysis of the main elements of tourism morphology and the positioning of urban planning for tourism.. The recorded results point to the implications of tourist real estate on coastal urban morphology, triggering processes in the face of urban expansion and fragmentation parallel to the coast, changes in its use and occupation and a series of urban social and environmental problems, endorsed by urban planning. inefficient, tourism governance that is still timid and strategic solutions that are not very widespread territorially.