Efeitos do exercício físico nos parâmetros comportamentais, na inflamação, na permeabilidade da barreira hematoencefálica e na expressão de FNDC5/Irisina hipocampal de camundongos adultos jovens e idosos privados do sono

Abstract

Exercise offers several benefits for brain health. To date, it is not fully clarified how exercise modifies brain alterations in the presence of sleep deprivation (SD). Furthermore, the differential effects concerning young and old animals are still unclear. Irisin, a hormone related to exercise, plays an important physiological role and may be associated with the benefits of exercise. This study aims to determine the effects of physical exercise on behavioral parameters, inflammation, permeability of the blood- brain barrier (BBB) and expression of FNDC5/irisin in sleep-deprived mice, both, young and old. Male Swiss mice were used, 48 young adults (3 months) and 48 old mice (18 months). Animals were distributed into eight groups (n=12 each): control (young adult and elderly), exercise (young adult and elderly), SD (young adult and elderly), and physical exercise + SD (young adult and elderly). Working memory, depressive and anxiety behavior tests were performed and, shortly after, blood and hippocampus were collected. Exercise improved working memory (p=0.01) and depression-like behavior (p=0.002) in young adult animals. In old animals, exercise reduced depression-like behavior (p<0.0001) and anxiety (p<0.006). Plasma levels of TNF and IL-6 were higher in the SD groups (p<0.05). Hippocampal albumin expression was reduced in the exercise and exercise groups prior to SD (p<0.05). The expression of hippocampal FNDC5/irisin was higher in the exercise and exercise groups prior to SD (p<0.05). The present study shows that, in young and old mice, SD is associated with behavioral changes, inflammation and increased BBB permeability. On the other hand, exercise prior to SD increases the expression of FNDC5/irisin, reduces inflammatory levels and BBB permeability.