Análise do comportamento do comércio nacional de mudas de orquídeas e de outras plantas ornamentais do Brasil no período de 2018 a 2022

Abstract

The Flowers and Ornamental Plants market has undergone major transformations and constant evolution in recent decades, driven by changes in consumer preferences and the great seasonality of the sector. On a national level, the flowers and ornamental plants sector is responsible for generating more than 200 thousand direct and indirect jobs and a large part of its production can be highlighted by the trade in orchid seedlings and other ornamental plants, which generate around US$ 5 million annually. The objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of the trade balance of orchid seedlings and other ornamental plants during the years 2018 to 2022. The research used data extracted from the Foreign Trade Statistics website (Comex Stat) to carry out the analysis, considering the balance resulting from the exchange of exports and imports. The results highlight that, throughout the period analyzed, the balance of trade in orchid seedlings remains consistently in deficit, maintaining an average of negative US$ 21 million, despite the country having natural resources and climate conditions favorable to significant and diversified production of orchids. On the other hand, the trade balance of seedlings of other ornamental plants contrasts significantly with the panorama of orchid seedlings, as it presents an average surplus of US$ 2 million, indicating a more favorable international demand for seedlings of various ornamental plants. The disparity in the balance between these floriculture products can be explained by the different types of technology and transport logistics used in the production of these seedlings, in relation to other countries that lead the production and export of orchids, for example.