O acesso ao Ensino Superior: uma análise sobre o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio

Abstract

The present work provides a critical analysis of the Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) and highlights contradictions in access to Higher Education. The research is grounded in a qualitative approach, conducted through bibliographical and documentary research, including an analysis of the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases, regulations governing the ENEM, and qualitative studies. The monograph's structure comprises four chapters, focusing on understanding educational policies, legal contributions to Higher Education, the relationship between the ENEM and the State, and the financialization and commodification of higher education through student financing programs such as the Fundo de Financiamento Estudantil (FIES) and the Programa Universidade para Todos (PROUNI). The overall objective is to investigate how the ENEM acts as a mechanism for access to Higher Education, with an emphasis on the critical analysis of the process and its implications for real democratization and quality of Higher Education in Brazil. Ultimately, it is inferred that the ENEM functions as a tool for student retention by providing limited access to public universities, and its shift in intention reveals its meritocratic nature.