Estudo comparativo entre o uso de náuplios de Artemia sp. congelados e resfriados na larvicultura do camarão marinho Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)

Abstract

One of the main ways for the expansion of shrimp farming in Brazil consists of the production of quality post-larvae in sufficient quantity to meet this demand. It is known that food management is one of the most important factors for success in the larviculture phase, so that the quantity and quality of the diet offered to the larvae are essential factors for their growth and survival, especially in the initial period of life. of animals, with nauplii of Artemia sp. considered critical during Penaeus vannamei larviculture, due to its nutritional value and excellent acceptance by the larvae. For convenience, many laboratories choose to hatch and freeze Artemia nauplii, which can lead to a reduction in essential nutrients and loss of motility; on the other hand, cooling to temperatures close to 3 °C reduces the metabolism of nauplii and preserves their vitelline reserves. The objective of the present study was to compare the use of frozen and chilled nauplii during larviculture of Penaeus vannamei. To this end, 4,500,000 nauplii 5 were stored in four 30 m³ tanks and the supply of Artemia was started from zoea 2, with the distinction made in the offer from mysis 2, two tanks received frozen artemia nauplii (NAC) and two received frozen Artemia nauplii (NAR). The animals were evaluated daily under an optical microscope to check development, presence of necrosis and deformities. At PL 3 stage, survival was calculated using the volumetric method and the weight of the animals. Survival was higher for individuals who received NAR when compared to those who received NAC, with values equal to 858.45% and 776.49%, respectively. Regarding the weight of the animals, no statistically significant difference was observed (p > 0.05) with values equal to 135580.61 PL g-1 and 137390.62 PL g-1, respectively for NAC and NAR. It was possible to conclude that the use of frozen live nauplii significantly increases the survival of phase 1 larviculture of marine shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Replacing frozen nauplii on a commercial scale from mysis 2 with chilled ones does not compromise zootechnical performance in phase 1. Thus, the producer can choose whether or not to use the frozen form of brine shrimp nauplii.