Estudo de cepas bacterianas isoladas do sistema digestório de lagostas espinhosas panulirus argus (lagosta vermelha) e panulirus laevicauda (lagosta verde) com possível efeito probiótico

Abstract

Lobster fishing is one of the main fisheries in Brazil, with the state of Ceará having the largest economic share. The species of the Palinuridae family are the most economically valuable, especially Panulirus laevicauda and Panulirus argus. Due to the decrease in global fishing, the sector has been trying to receive support from aquaculture, but with the intensification and deterioration of the farming environment, various diseases are appearing and the excessive use of products such as antibiotics can lead to an increase in pathogenic resistance. One of the most promising strategies is the use of live microorganisms (probiotics), which are administered in the feed, injected or added to the water in order to combat or control infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to identify bacteria with probiotic potential in spiny lobsters of the Panulirus laevicauda and Panulirus argus species. Analyzing the ability of these strains to withstand variations in salinity, temperature and pH, evaluating the enzymatic profile, the ability to form aggregates, antagonize pathogens and susceptibility to antibiotics used in shrimp farming, veterinary and human medicine. The results were as follows: in salinity, growth was observed at 3 and 10‰ for the strains from the resident intestine of P. laevicauda and the transient intestine of P. argus; for temperature, the best growth was observed by the strains from the hepatopancreas in all the ranges tested; for pH, satisfactory growth was observed at concentrations of 5, 7 and 9 in the samples from the resident intestine and hepatopancreas of P. laevicauda. P. laevicauda, in the enzymatic profile those from the resident intestine and transitional intestine of P. laevicauda, and in the transitional intestine of P. argus were the ones that stood out, for aggregation were those from the transitional intestine of P. argus. As for the resistance profile, resistance was observed in the P. laevicauda samples isolated from the resident intestine to: Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline, and in the transient intestine to Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin. In the P. argus strains, resistance was observed in both intestines with the same pattern: Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline. The analysis showed that there is a possibility of probiotic action of the strains, however, it is still necessary to carry out more tests to prove their effects.