Análise comparativa de sistemas estruturais em lajes lisas para pavimentos de edificações

Abstract

Structural systems are composed of structural elements, including columns, beams, and slabs. In addition to conventional systems, there are structural systems in flat slabs, including solid and ribbed slabs without and with drop panels. In the design of reinforced concrete slabs, it is essential to use construction systems that meet the specific requirements, ensuring quality, functionality, and economy of the structure. In this context, it is crucial for designers to understand the characteristics and differences between construction systems. Therefore, the objective of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of structural systems in solid flat slabs (System A), ribbed flat slabs without drop panels (System B), and with drop panels (System C) for building floors. For this purpose, the TQS Version V24 software was used to design a standard structure for each system and collect data such as forces, material consumption, and displacements. Additionally, a parametric study was conducted, varying the spans of the standard structure for each structural model, analyzing the same parameters mentioned earlier. It was observed that, for the standard structure, each structural system presented particularities: System B performed better in terms of material consumption, System C showed greater rigidity, and System A had better performance in relation to the maximum positive bending moment. In the parametric study, as the spans were increased, System A became disadvantageous for the parameters analyzed, while Systems B and C showed better performance. However, System B supported larger spans. Finally, it was concluded that for smaller spans, System A is the best option, while for larger spans, System B is the most suitable.