Otimização inteiramista não-linear para o dimensionamento de rede ótima de adutoras: aplicação no projeto malha d’água

Abstract

Increasing water security is one of the major social and economic concerns of last decades. The preservation of springs, guaranteeing the quantity and quality of water to meet future demands was one of the main measures considered for the elaboration of the Water Mesh Project. This is a broad project to densify the mesh of water mains in the state of Ceará, with more than 4,300 km of water mains and providing for service of the demands of 179 municipal seats. The project is a tool to promote the strategic planning and efficient management of water resources. It is evident that the implementation of such an extensive infrastructure action will require an investment expressive economy. The search for innovative solutions and efficient technologies to conduct the studies of an optimal network of water mains can contribute to reduce costs, reduce implementation time of the complete project and increase the guarantee of water sources. with that objective, the present work sought to develop a modeling that determines, in a quick and objective, the configuration of the optimal network of water mains, guaranteeing water security to the source and the most economical investment. For this, the modeling language was used. JuMP, developed in the Julia environment, and the Juniper optimization algorithm, which supports the solution of nonlinear mixed integer problems. After developing the model, the optimization was carried out for three scenarios, assigning different guarantee values ​​in the constraints of the problem. The results showed that the model fulfills very well the objective of defining the optimal configuration for the pipeline network. Associating water security with optimization identified the existence of a tradeoff between the guarantee of water sources and the total cost of implementation of the optimal pipeline network. Scenario 1, which prioritizes the determination of more economical configuration due to less guarantee for the springs, presented a reduction of almost R$ 142 million when compared to the initial configuration adopted in the Water Mesh Project. Scenario 3, which prioritizes the guarantee of greater water security for springs, presented a reduction of R$ 640 thousand.