Análise tensional, morfológica e morfométrica da anastomose cólica na colite induzida por ácido acético a 10%, em ratos wistar, tratados com extrato aquoso de aroeira-do-sertão a 10% (myracrodruon urundeuva fr. all.)

Abstract

The colorectal anastomosis awakens interest for the studies because it presents elevated morbidity and mortality. This occurs mainly, by dehiscence, attributed to several factors, including inflammatory. The aroeira-do-sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.), a plant of the Anacardiaceae family, is known for its antiinflammatory and healing properties, appearing as a alternative therapy. Facing these known qualities, it was decided to verify its action on the colonic anastomosis while under 10% acetic acid induced experimental colitis, in Wistar rats. Were utilized 48 rats,males, with average weight 340g, distributed in two groups of 24. One experiment group formed by rats that were treated with 10% aqueous extract of aroeira-do-sertão and one control group treated with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) based vehicle, both in the enema form. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to the date of euthanasia (days 3, 7, 14 and 21). Twenty-four hours after the inducion of colitis the animals were subjected to endoscopic examination and after that laparotomy for the performance of the total section of the colon and posterior colonic anastomosis, end-to-end, in single plane with 5-0 polypropylene. The animals were evaluated from the morphological (disruption of epithelial basement membranecontinuity, fibrin clot, edema, exudate, vascularity, connective new formation and reepithelization), morphometric (neutrophils, eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocyte, plasma cells, fibroblasts and vessels) and rupture pression (explosion) of the colonic segment point of view. On the histological study dyed by trichrome stain it was evaluated the collagen proliferation. The colonic segments were removed for studies on the respective dates of euthanasia. On the morphological analysis it was observed a superiority on Aroeira group over Vehicle group on the twenty-first day. On the morphometric evaluation, it was noticed no antiinflammatory action on the part of aroeira, but it presented results superior to the control group on the second and third phases of healing that correspond respectively to the phase of fibroplasia (fibroblastic proliferation) and maturation and remodeling which is collagen deposition on the healing matrix. The pressoric level was statistically significant on the third day, being the Aroeira Group superior to the Vehicle Group. It is concluded that the 10% aqueous extract of aroeira-do-sertão, develops healing activity on the colonic anastomosis under 10% acetic acid induced experimental colitis, in Wistar rats, acting on phase two and three of healing increasing the fibroplasias and the collagen deposition on the healing matrix.