Prevalência de achados orais em radiografias panorâmicas de pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas do nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

Dental anomalies are included in the most recurrent oral findings in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). They are malformations resulting from genetic or environmental factors, which can cause additional difficulties in obtaining adequate aesthetic and functional results in the orthodontic-surgical treatment of patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of DA in patients with CLP assisted at Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin and Associação Beija Flor, both located in the city of Fortaleza/CE. The sample consisted of 69 patients with unilateral (uCLP) (n = 51) and bilateral (bCLP) (n = 18) CLP, non-syndromic, of both sexes and age 6 to 17 years. Medical records and panoramic radiographs from January/2020 to July/2022 were analyzed. The collected data were tabulated in the Microsoft Excel® version 2016 program and analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 program. Data were expressed as absolute and percentage frequencies and compared using Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi-square test (p < 0.05). DA were identified in 34 patients (49.3%) of the sample. Number anomalies were more prevalent, with a statistically significant difference for male bCLP patients (p = 0.047). Agenesis was the most frequent DA (n = 24; 34.8%). Therefore, DA has a high prevalence among patients with CLP and should be considered when planning the dental approach for these individuals.