Crítica ao planejamento urbano e de transportes em Fortaleza à luz do paradigma do planejamento da acessibilidade e mobilidade na urbe sustentável

Abstract

The new paradigm of integrated strategic urban planning and transport is presented by the acronym of PAMUS – Planejamento da Acessibilidade e Mobilidade para a Urbe Sustentável (Accessibility and Mobility Planning in Sustainable City), whose purpose is to achieve quality of life and social justice through socio-spatial development, based on the principles of sustainability in its three economic, environmental, and social dimensions, represented by the principles of efficiency, resilience, and equity. Its focus is on understanding the issue of accessibility and mobility patterns and their externalities, within the object of analysis being three urban subsystems: activities, land use, and transport. Understanding how the elements of the PAMUS paradigm have been incorporated transportation and municipal official plans of the Fortaleza city between the 1960s and 2020 was one of the objectives of this research and realize how urban planning and transport products have evolved in the city. It also evaluated whether the strategic and transport plans of the last two decades have aimed reducing socio-spatial inequalities in accessibility. Two scenarios of strategic diagnosis of socio-spatial disparities in access to work were considered, considering the planned city proposed for this period. Despite the evolution in incorporating PAMUS elements in strategic and transport plans gradually, the mitigation of socio-spatial inequalities in accessibility has not been the objective of transportation and municipal official plans in Fortaleza.