Avaliação do efeito da talidomida sobre os danos intestinais e hepáticos induzidos pela indometacina em ratos wistar

Abstract

The clinical use of indomethacin, although effective in suppressing pain, fever and inflammation is often associated with deleterious effects for the gastrointestinal system, and hematological and renal functions, which limit its therapeutic use. This study examined in rats whether thalidomide could reduced the lethality induced by indomethacin and hematological, biochemical, blood, and intestinal damage. This study analyzed the effect of thalidomide on the intestinal epithelium and increased levels of plasma fibrinogen induced by indomethacin in rats. The rats were treated with indomethacin (5.0 mg / kg), thalidomide 100.0 mg / kg or 200.0 mg / kg, and ampicillin (200.0 mg / kg) orally over a period of 5 days. The animals were submitted to blood collection on the fifth day of treatment by puncturing the orbital plexus of the eye, after being anesthetized with ether. The blood was placed in tubes containing anticoagulant, EDTA, sodium citrate and 3.8% in tubes without anticoagulant. The parameters studied were: erythrogram, leukocyte count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, platelet count, and culture of peritoneal lavage, measurement of MPO and evaluation of liver function (ALT, AST, FA, GGT and glucose). The results of the PT, APTT, antithrombin, platelet counts remained normal in the control group. In animals treated with indomethacin, we observed a significant increase (p <0.001) in fibrinogen levels (637.50 ± 13.19 mg / dL) and this increase reversed by treatment with thalidomide 100.0 mg / kg or 200.0 mg / kg, (381.80 ± 50.79 mg / dL, 389.30 ± 65.13 mg / dL, respectively). Animals that received indomethacin were positive in 100% of the cultures performed for enterobacteria, thus demonstrating the presence of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract into the peritoneal cavity, probably due to a drug-induced intestinal perforation. The MPO activity in peritoneal fluid of rats given indomethacin (5.0 mg / kg, po, 5d) was significantly higher (1217 ± 341.4 U / mL) compared with the control group (3.33 ± 3, 33 U / mL). Treatment with thalidomide (100 or 200 mg / kg, vo, 5d) significantly reversed this effect (p <0.05), (375.8 ± 149.1 U / mL). As inhibition of 69.2%. The results showed that inflammatory intestinal injury in rats induced by indomethacin was partially reversed by treatment with thalidomide. In addition, the data showed a hepatoprotective effect of thalidomide against indomethacin, by its anti-inflammatory activity that might prevent the increase of fibrinogen and leukocyte recruitment in the liver environment.