Análise da eficiência dos gastos públicos em assistência social no Brasil durante o período de 2012 a 2019

Abstract

Efficiency analysis has been frequent in the literature for studies on public spending, especially in education and health. Brazil has a public health system, the Unified Health System (SUS) and also the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS) which, in general, provides services to the population in a situation of socioeconomic vulnerability. The evolution of public resources for social assistance in Brazil has been the object of many studies, but is not the case for the investigation of efficient allocation at the level of the states. In this sense, the objective of this research is to analyze the efficiency of public spending on social assistance in Brazilian states in the period from 2012 to 2019. To achieve this goal, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was used, through the BCC model oriented to inputs, with the variables spent per capita on social assistance, number of human resources and establishments, while the variable output observed the amount of welfare services. Data on per capita spending on social assistance for the period indicate that only eight states are above the national average. The results of the model results show that Amapá, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rondônia and São Paulo are the five states (18%) benchmarks on the efficiency frontier throughout the period analyzed, and that on average nine states were efficient per year.