A sub-representação das mulheres nos espaços de política formal como obstáculo à concretização do estado democrático de direito na modernidade periférica

Abstract

This master's research aims to analyze the low presence of women in spaces of power, focusing on spaces of participation in formal politics, analyzing quantitative data from post-1988 legislatures, a period that marked Brazilian redemocratization and raised gender asymmetries in power to a level of legal-political problem; analyzing the position of Federal Deputy, as this is the position whose quotas for candidacies cover. The research will be methodologically developed from the theory of social systems, approaching the concepts of central and peripheral modernity, and the phenomena of overintegration, underintegration and symbolic legislation, typical of countries with peripheral modernity. For this, initially, through bibliographical research, the conceptions of political participation, of the woman as a political being, democracy, citizenship, public space, and private space are approached, having the 1988 Constitution as a legal-political framework, the infra-constitutional legislations. and the international treaties assumed by Brazil, committing to eliminate gender inequalities; the legislation that seeks to protect and implement the political participation of women is analyzed, and subsequently, through data collected on the website of the Federal Chamber, the number of women elected after 1988 is analyzed. Furthermore, it analyzes comparative data of women's political representation among the countries of Latin America, and in comparison, to the countries of the world. The data express the exacerbated gender inequality in Brazil, having as cause and consequence the under-representation of women in this space of power and the consequent degradation of the Democratic Rule of Law.