Evolução da disposição temporal de resíduos sólidos urbanos em diferentes regiões brasileiras

Abstract

After the creation of Law 12305/2010, which institutes the National Solid Waste Policy, there was greater attention and concern regarding the issue of waste management. Urban solid waste (USW) is the largest fraction of waste generated in the country and, therefore, deserves special attention regarding its disposal. Contamination of groundwater and soil, the presence of vectors and visual pollution are some of the problems caused by the incorrect disposal of waste. The generation of USW had an increase of 13 million tons of waste between 2010 and 2019 according to the latest ABRELPE panorama. Bearing in mind the importance of this theme, this study sought to understand the temporal evolution of urban solid waste disposal in the country, checking if there were changes after the determinations of the PNRS and the perspectives for the future. The methodology consisted of collecting data from official sources (SNIS, ABRELPE) and drawing graphs with Excel software. The layout of the graphs, together with their interpretation, allowed to verify how the disposal of MSW in Brazil and in different regions of Brazil is taking place, in sanitary landfills, controlled landfills and dumps. The results indicated that despite the advances, after the creation of Law 12305/2010, in Brazil there is still a large volume of MSW deposited inappropriately, with larger volumes present in the Northeast and Midwest, and many steps must be taken until that the PNRS is fully implemented.